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Modern World Wonders The North Sea Protection Works |
world wonders » Modern World |
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storms often cause water of tide for s' to crush on the dams and to flood the rivers and the estuaries. Although all the coastal areas are threatened, two particularly vulnerable factors are l' important entry of the tides known in the past like Zuiderzee and the delta created by the Rhine and the Meuse in the south-western corner of the country. Netherlander engineers purse to propose that Zuiderzee being dammed up and drained at the 19th century, but the government was reticent with s' to attack with an immense project. Then, in 1916, a furious storm struck the provinces of north. The difficulties of the agricultural production in time of war worsened, and it way was traced for the construction of stoppings on Zuiderzee...
The stopping by uniting Zuiderzee was built in two sections by using traditional materials. As from 1923, fired workers clay-with-flints in layers parallel and filled l' space between the two with sand, stones, and hand made, mattresses worked starting from undergrowth. To reduce l' erosion, the mattresses large ballasted with chains and stones were cast in the channels the estuaries. Dredgers, cranes, of the tug boats and the barges were engaged in the construction of the principal dam, with 300 feet of width to the sea level and 25 feet top on the level of the roadway. As the wind turned at the time of the last day of construction, fill fallen in the ditch last stopping, the transformation of l' entry in a lake d' fresh water, renamed l' Ijsselmeer. The stopping finished contains valves to evacuate l' excess d' water and of the locks for the maintenance of l' forwarding. After the construction of stoppings the drainage came. In all, more d' a d' half-million; hectares of polders, arable or regenerated lands, emerged from the bottom of l' ex-Zee Zuider. Young Dutch farmers claims the right to regulate the polders new, because the farms on new released grounds were adapted much more for modern, the methods of l' mechanized agriculture that traditional farms in the zones older.

In 1953, the “storm of the siècle" howled through the North Sea and Netherlands, to test the force of l' Zuiderzee enclosure. He judged, with damage with the roadway in spaces. Country without protection south-western provinces to feel all the weight of the storm, with l' water breaking on the dams and the courses d' broad water of the delta. More than 1.800 people lost their life, and the cattle amounting per hundreds of thousands perished. The country s' account is then returned that the long-term plan aiming at protecting the delta from south-west, the Delta Plan or Delta of the project, must be mobilized. The plan would be subjected to many incarnations. The last one implied estuaries of four stoppings in the medium of the Delta, while leaving the channels discovered in Rotterdam, in north and Antwerp, in Belgium, in the south. With two-mile-stopping anti-length in the estuaries of l' The Eastern Scheldt was the most complex and sophisticated part project. With l' origin, l' The Eastern Scheldt was to be a closed barrier. But the lobbying by the fishermen and the ecologists involved the passage to a mobile barrier. To facilitate to construction, engineers worked islands on three sand banks in the estuaries and built ports of work, building sites of the matter, and the sites d' there to work. A stopping to connect two of the islands, thus creating three channels in the estuaries, to receive each one a section of the barrier of overpressure.

The mobile barrier consists of 65 concrete piles weighing 18.000 tons each one. The support thrown 300 - for 500 tons d' steel doors and their hydraulic machines, like d' a roadway above and carrying beams below. Built on the islands of work, the quays and their mechanisms were to be raised to precise stations in l' estuary. But the type of hardware requirement for tasks such gargantuesque and specialized n' did not exist n' import where in the world, it had to be invented. The barrier of l' The Eastern Scheldt also honoured the traditional methods. Within the framework them measurements taken to stabilize the sea-bed, the mattresses were carried under the terms of each pile to prevent l' erosion. They n' were not manufactured with the hand the weaving of the trees and undergrowth used to close Zuiderzee, however. Instead of that, they were of high technology sandwiches of sand and gravel between l' space-fabric d' age corresponding. The Oosterschelde project finished in 1986. Since then, the Netherlanders took supplementary measures, including l' completion in 1997 of the barrier which protects the wearing of Rotterdam. “In d' terms; ampleur" , an American professional review wrote, the North Sea project " approaches of the Great wall of China. In terms of complexity and technical sophistication, it approaches the lunar shooting. It is single, expensive and completely different from all the d' other projects of civil engineering is on this planet ".

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Modern World Wonders The North Sea Protection Works |
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